{"id":9424,"date":"2025-03-23T13:31:32","date_gmt":"2025-03-23T12:31:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dertour-reiseleitung.com\/djerba\/uncategorized\/unabhaengigkeitskampf\/"},"modified":"2025-10-03T16:50:11","modified_gmt":"2025-10-03T15:50:11","slug":"unabhaengigkeitskampf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dertour-reiseleitung.com\/djerba\/infos-a-z\/rund-um-ihr-zielgebiet\/unabhaengigkeitskampf\/","title":{"rendered":"Unabh\u00e4ngigkeitskampf","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Vom franz\u00f6sischen Protektorat zur freien Republik<\/h3>\n<p>Am 3. August 1903 wird Habib Bourguiba in Monastir geboren. Er studiert in Frankreich und l\u00e4sst sich 1927 in Tunis als Anwalt nieder. Er gr\u00fcndet 1934 die Neo-Destur-Partei mit dem Ziel, Tunesien zu einem unabh\u00e4ngigen Staat zu machen. Nach einem gescheiterten Umsturzversuch 1938 werden Bourguiba und einige seiner Anh\u00e4nger verhaftet und nach Frankreich gebracht, wo sie bis 1942 in Haft bleiben. Zwischenzeitlich tobt der Zweite Weltkrieg.<\/p>\n<p>Habib Bourguiba, der nach Kriegsende erneut f\u00fcr die Unabh\u00e4ngigkeit k\u00e4mpft, wird 1950 ein zweites Mal verhaftet und wieder nach Frankreich gebracht. Zun\u00e4chst sagt Ministerpr\u00e4sident Mendes-France dem Land die so genannte Autonomie zu, aber mit dem Ziel, Tunesiens Unabh\u00e4ngigkeit zu erringen. Am 20. M\u00e4rz 1956 wird Habib Bourguiba erster Ministerpr\u00e4sident des Landes und noch im gleichen Jahr wird Tunesien zur Republik erkl\u00e4rt. Bourguiba wird zum Staatspr\u00e4sidenten ernannt.<\/p>\n<p>1961 versucht Tunesien mit Gewalt die Freigabe der Hafenstadt Bizerte zu erreichen, die fr\u00fcher franz\u00f6sische Marinebasis war. Aber die tunesische Armee ist der franz\u00f6sischen unterlegen. Erst auf dem politischen Verhandlungsweg gelingt es im Oktober 1963, den Abzug der Franzosen zu bewirken.<\/p>\n<p>Habib Bourguiba verwaltet und lenkt Tunesien \u00fcber 30 Jahre lang, pflegt gute Handelsbeziehungen und freundschaftliche Verbindungen zum Ausland. Je \u00e4lter er wird, desto \u00f6fter kommt die Frage auf: \u201eWas wird nach ihm?\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Am 7. November 1987 wird das beliebte Staatsoberhaupt von dem damalig amtierenden Premierminister laut eines Artikels in der tunesischen Verfassung abgesetzt. Nachfolger wird Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, der Tunesien 23 Jahre lang diktatorisch regiert.<\/p>\n<p>Im Januar 2011 findet die Jasminrevolution gegen das Regime statt und der Pr\u00e4sident fl\u00fcchtet am 14. Januar nach Saudi Arabien.<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vom franz\u00f6sischen Protektorat zur freien Republik Am 3. August 1903 wird Habib Bourguiba in Monastir geboren. Er studiert in Frankreich und l\u00e4sst sich 1927 in Tunis als Anwalt nieder. Er gr\u00fcndet 1934 die Neo-Destur-Partei mit dem Ziel, Tunesien zu einem unabh\u00e4ngigen Staat zu machen. Nach einem gescheiterten Umsturzversuch 1938 werden Bourguiba und einige seiner Anh\u00e4nger [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":2,"featured_media":9425,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"background-image","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","omw_enable_modal_window":"enable","osh_disable_topbar_sticky":"default","osh_disable_header_sticky":"default","osh_sticky_header_style":"default","osh_sticky_header_effect":"","osh_custom_sticky_logo":0,"osh_custom_retina_sticky_logo":0,"osh_custom_sticky_logo_height":0,"osh_background_color":"","osh_links_color":"","osh_links_hover_color":"","osh_links_active_color":"","osh_links_bg_color":"","osh_links_hover_bg_color":"","osh_links_active_bg_color":"","osh_menu_social_links_color":"","osh_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9424","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rund-um-ihr-zielgebiet","entry","has-media","owp-thumbs-layout-horizontal","owp-btn-normal","owp-tabs-layout-section","has-no-thumbnails","has-product-nav"],"acf":[],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dertour-reiseleitung.com\/djerba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9424","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dertour-reiseleitung.com\/djerba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dertour-reiseleitung.com\/djerba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dertour-reiseleitung.com\/djerba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dertour-reiseleitung.com\/djerba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9424"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.dertour-reiseleitung.com\/djerba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9424\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12073,"href":"https:\/\/www.dertour-reiseleitung.com\/djerba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9424\/revisions\/12073"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dertour-reiseleitung.com\/djerba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9425"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dertour-reiseleitung.com\/djerba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9424"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dertour-reiseleitung.com\/djerba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9424"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dertour-reiseleitung.com\/djerba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9424"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}